Rose essence is obtained either through the distillation of petals, a process that allows the residue to be used as rose water, or through solvent extraction, which, when evaporated, yields a paste known as "concrete." This paste, washed with alcohol and filtered, produces another paste called "absolute."

 

The rose harvest lasts approximately 40 days, occurring between mid-May and mid-June. The flowers are handpicked at sunrise when their essential oil yield is at its peak. The harvest must be completed before 10 am to ensure that dew is still present on the flowers, preventing them from wilting.